Publication Categories

How Climate Change Affected 2016: Hottest Year in Record*

2016 turned out to be the hottest year on record. Moreover, with 2014 and 2015 previously winning the title of the hottest year, 2016 becomes third one in a row. Besides, 16 out of 17 hottest years on instrumental temperature record took place in the 21st century. The sixth place belonging […]


Is the Iran–Turkmenistan Gas Trade Coming to the End?

Iran, according to the BP Statistical Review 2015, is currently placed first with 34 trillion cubic meters of gas reserves, followed by Russia (32.6 trillion cubic meters) and Qatar (24.5 trillion cubic meters). Having possessed tremendous amount of gas, hypothetically, Iran can easily meet its both domestic needs and external […]


Comparative Analysis of Russian and Ukrainian Gas Transit Powers

With increasing demand for natural gas, pipeline infrastructure started playing even more important role for transit countries in the Eurasian gas supply chain. High degrees of interdependence that pipelines entail succeeded to prevent long-term gas supply disruptions in the region. It, however, could not discourage energy actors from causing short-term […]


Turkic-Arabic Cultural and Linguistic Contacts in the Mamluk Period (ХІІІ-ХV Centuries)

History has preserved a significant amount of ancient Turkic, Uighur, Oguz, Kipchak-Bulgarian written monuments, which were created in the vast territory: in the Middle East, in Central Asia, the Volga region, in the Crimea, in the Caucasus, etc. They are written in different scripts (runic, Uigur, Arabic and Latin) and […]


The New Program on Hydro-power Development to Improve Sustainability of Uzbekistan’s Energy Sector?

The government of Uzbekistan has recently approved a new program on hydro-power sector development for the period of 2016-2020. According to the program the government, with the support of international donors, is planning to allocate US$889.41 million in modernization of hydro-power generation facilities and construction of new hydro-power plants (HPP) […]


Current Challenges for the Kashagan Offshore Oil Field Project

The Kashagan oil field in the Caspian Sea is a largely known oil field outside the Middle East and the fifth largest oil field in the world regarding the reserves. Discovered in 2000, it is the largest new oil deposit found in the last 30 years. Kashagan has potential reserves […]


OPEC and Non-OPEC Members Meeting: No Agreement Reached

Technical experts of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) had a meeting on October 21, 2015, in Vienna to discuss the current situation of the steady reduction in crude oil prices in the world markets. The OPEC had invited eight non-OPEC oil-producer countries to take part at the expert […]


Migration Crisis: Opportunity or Burden?

Since the start of the civil war in Syria in 2011, 4 million Syrians had fled to neighboring countries in order to find a safe haven. Majority of the refugees would favor a stable and proper life in their home countries rather than living in refugee camps but events occurred […]


The Relation Between Financial Instability And Income Inequality In China

In the Chinese economy, high income which has caused an inequality in welfare distribution has led the economy to transfer from a centrally-planned economy to an increasingly market-oriented economy. The high degree of inequality in the Chinese economy results from mainly real factors such as rapid trade integration, technology, human […]


Special Working Group on Caspian Sea Legal Status Meeting: Results and Prospects

The Special Working Group (SWG) for drafting a Convention on the legal status of the Caspian Sea at the level of deputy foreign ministers of the littoral states met for its 41st session in Moscow on September 8-10. The talks were attended by delegations from Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia and […]